segunda-feira, 31 de agosto de 2015

The Republic of South Korea (대한민국; 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk, “The Republic of Great Hán”) is located in East Asia in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Half of the country’s 50 mio people live in the metro area surrounding the capital Seoul, 2nd-largest in the world. Korea was inhabited as early as the Lower Paleolithic period. After the unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea in 668, it enjoyed over a millennium of relative tranquility under dynasties lasting for centuries in which trade, culture, literature, science, and technology flourished. It was annexed by the Japanese Empire in 1910 and after its defeat in 1945, Korea was divided into Soviet and US zones of occupation, with the latter becoming the Republic of Korea in 1948. Although the UN passed a resolution declaring the Republic to be the only lawful government of Korea, a communist regime was soon set up in the North that invaded the South in 1950, leading to the Korean War that ended de facto in 1953. Between 1962 and 1994, South Korea’s economy grew at an average of 10% annually, fueled by annual export growth of 20%, in a period called the Miracle on the Han River that rapidly transformed it into a high-income advanced economy and the world’s 11th largest economy by 1995. Today, South Korea is the 8th-largest country in international trade and a regional power with the world’s 10th-largest defence budget. South Korea is a developed country ranked 15th in the Human Development Index, the highest in East Asia. In terms of average wage, it has Asia’s highest income and the world’s 10th highest income. It is the best performing OECD country in student skills - 64% of 25-34 year old South Koreans hold a tertiary education degree, the highest in the OECD. South Korea has the world’s fastest Internet connection speed and is second in smartphone penetration. 
South Korea
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